Emerging technologies in long-duration energy storage for renewable energy systems.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63618/omd/revinvlid/v1/n3/17Keywords:
energy storage, long-term storage, renewable energy, energy resilience, emerging technologiesAbstract
The growing share of renewable sources and Ecuador’s high reliance on hydroelectric power increase the need for solutions capable of offsetting daily variations, multi-day shortfalls, and prolonged hydroclimatic events. The study aimed to analyze the technical, economic, environmental, and operational suitability of emerging long-duration energy storage technologies for renewable energy systems in Ecuador and Latin America. A qualitative, documentary, non-experimental, and retrospective longitudinal study was conducted using deductive and comparative analysis of scientific literature, institutional reports, and energy data published between 2021 and 2025. The results showed that mechanical technologies offered the highest capacities and longest service lives, flow batteries stood out for their rapid response, and hydrogen expanded coverage to seasonal scales. Furthermore, 83.3% of the technologies analyzed had applicability ranging from 8 to 24 hours, while multi-day and seasonal options were more limited. The discussion revealed that no single technology proved universally superior, due to the combined influence of costs, duration, efficiency, and regional conditions. It was concluded that energy planning requires complementary portfolios adapted to the region’s hydro-dependent context.
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